US Trade Deficit Widens To A Record On Pre-Tariffs Import Surge

The US trade deficit widened to a record in March as companies rushed to import products as the Trump administration readied sweeping tariffs.

The goods and services trade gap grew 14% from the prior month to $140.5 billion, Commerce Department data showed Tuesday. The median estimate in a Bloomberg survey of economists was for a $137.2 billion deficit.

The value of imports jumped 4.4% to a record $419 billion, while exports edged up just 0.2%. The figures aren't adjusted for inflation.

Imports of consumer goods climbed by the most on record, primarily due to a surge in inbound shipments of pharmaceuticals. Imports of capital equipment and motor vehicles also increased.

The report illustrates what was likely the final push by US companies to secure goods before President Donald Trump announced expansive duties on April 2. The dramatic widening of the trade deficit in the first quarter was the key reason the economy contracted for the first time since 2022.

Gross domestic product fell an annualized 0.3% in the January-March period, with net exports subtracting nearly 5 percentage points — the most on record.

However, Bloomberg Economics sees the import surge from tariff front-running easing, based on a drop in container shipping from China to the US since April 16. As the trade deficit narrows, it will probably support a near-term rebound in economic growth.

Survey data from the Institute for Supply Management showing declining imports by manufacturers and services providers also suggest the strategy of rushing in imports ahead of tariffs is drawing to a close.

Trump is seeking fairness in bilateral commerce, with the aim of encouraging foreign investment in the US, bolstering domestic production and shoring up national industrial security. He also see duties as a means to raise revenue for the government.

The March report showed the deficit with Ireland surged to $29.3 billion on a seasonally adjusted basis. The shortfall with Canada narrowed, while the deficit with Mexico remained near the record reached in February. The goods-trade deficit with China shrank.

On an inflation-adjusted basis, the total US merchandise trade deficit widened to a record $150.9 billion in March.