Centre Clarifies On Reports About Negative Effects Of 20% Ethanol Blending (E20) In Petrol — Full Statement

The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas has strongly rebutted recent media reports expressing concerns about the potential negative impact of 20% ethanol blending (E20) in petrol, particularly on older vehicles and customer experience. In a post on X, the ministry said that such concerns are "largely unfounded and not supported by scientific evidence or expert analysis."

Citing a series of studies, the ministry highlighted that the use of E20 fuel has not shown any statistically significant impact on vehicle performance.

"International studies on the effect of using Ethanol-Petrol Blends … showed statistically no significant differences in power and torque generated and fuel consumption," the ministry said. It also added that tests conducted by Indian agencies such as the Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI), Indian Institute of Petroleum (IIP) and Indian Oil Corporation (R&D) found no abnormal wear and tear in legacy vehicles using E20.

“E20 fuel passed hot and cold startability tests without any engine damage,” the post added.

Addressing concerns around fuel efficiency, the ministry acknowledged a marginal decrease in mileage due to ethanol's lower energy density, but clarified that this drop was limited to 1% to 2% for four-wheelers designed for E10 and calibrated for E20, and 3% to 6% in others.

"This marginal drop in efficiency can be further minimised through improved engine tuning and use of E20-compatible materials, which leading automobile manufacturers have already adopted," the ministry said. It mentioned that E20-compliant vehicles with upgraded components have been available since April 2023, according to the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM).

On the issue of material corrosion, the ministry reassured that safety standards, including corrosion inhibitors and fuel system materials compatible with E20, are already in place under BIS and Automotive Industry Standards. "Replacement of some rubber parts/ gaskets could be advised in certain older vehicles after prolonged use of say 20,000 to 30,000 km," it added.

The ministry defended the ethanol blending initiative as a step toward sustainability. "Ethanol replaces petrol, a fossil fuel, and reduces CO2 emissions," it stated, outlining India's ethanol programme now sources feedstock from sugarcane, surplus rice, maize, damaged foodgrains and agricultural residue.  

The post also highlighted the benefits of ethanol for engine performance, emphasising its higher octane number (~108.5 vs. petrol's 84.4) and improved ride quality. Ethanol improves volumetric efficiency by lowering the intake manifold temperature, thereby improving overall engine performance in modern high-compression engines, the post further stated.

Responding to claims that the shift to E20 has been abrupt or poorly communicated, the ministry pointed to the government’s 'Roadmap for Ethanol Blending in India 2020–25' report published in 2021. "The implementation of E20 in India has followed a phased and widely consulted approach," the post said.

The ministry called the negative portrayal of ethanol blending "not based on real facts and lacking a technical foundation."

It concluded the post by stating, "Ethanol blending is a forward-looking, scientifically supported, and environmentally responsible measure that brings multi-dimensional benefits to the nation."