Musk's SpaceX To Buy EchoStar Spectrum For $17 Billion

SpaceX, the Elon Musk-backed company that owns the Starlink satellite internet network, agreed to acquire wireless spectrum from EchoStar Corp. for about $17 billion, allowing Charlie Ergen’s beleaguered telecommunications company to resolve an overhanging regulatory probe and pay down debt.

SpaceX is buying EchoStar’s AWS-4 and H-block spectrum licenses designated for satellite and mobile communications, according to a statement Monday, confirming an earlier Bloomberg News report. It will pay as much as $8.5 billion in cash and up to $8.5 billion in SpaceX stock. SpaceX has also agreed to fund a total of about $2 billion in cash interest payments on EchoStar debt through November 2027.

Shares of EchoStar rose as much as 64% in premarket trading on Monday while its bonds were the biggest gainers in the junk-bond market, according to Trace pricing data.. 

The AWS-4 sale transfers another crown jewel of EchoStar’s spectrum portfolio, effectively ending hopes that it would become a fourth major wireless carrier as stipulated by regulators as part of the approval of the merger between T-Mobile US Inc. and Sprint, which closed in 2020. As part of that deal, T-Mobile divested assets to EchoStar, including its Boost Mobile prepaid wireless brand.

The sale, which follows a recent sale of other spectrum rights to AT&T Inc. for about $23 billion, should resolve inquiries from the US Federal Communications Commission, according to the statement. The FCC accused EchoStar in May of not effectively using the spectrum it was awarded and threatened to strip some of its valuable licenses, tipping off a series of frenzied dealmaking as EchoStar skipped bond payments and considered filing for bankruptcy. EchoStar said the FCC probe had stymied its ability to make decisions about its 5G network.

EchoStar will use some of the proceeds from the spectrum deals to pay down some of its $25 billion debt load. Its debt has soared from distressed levels, vindicating bondholders who withstood years of brinkmanship and legal drama with Ergen.

The latest deal will combine EchoStar spectrum with SpaceX’s rocket launch and satellite capabilities “to realize the direct-to-cell vision in a more innovative, economical and faster way,” Hamid Akhavan, EchoStar chief executive officer, said in the statement.

Satellite operators like SpaceX seeking to provide direct-to-device mobile service from space usually need to team up with at least one mobile company that holds ground-based mobile licenses. SpaceX currently has a partnership with T-Mobile, but this spectrum acquisition would allow it to offer its own direct-to-device offerings more independently. 

The transaction with EchoStar “will advance our mission to end mobile dead zones around the world,” said Gwynne Shotwell, president and chief operating officer at SpaceX.

Since SpaceX launched its first Starlink satellites in 2019, it has signed up about 6 million customers in more than 100 countries, far outpacing its competitors. That month, it also won regulatory approval in India, paving the way for rolling out its satellite internet services there.

The FCC launched its probe into Echostar’s spectrum use amid complaints from Musk that EchoStar was hogging valuable airwaves without delivering commercial service with them. SpaceX had asked the FCC to allow it to share the band it will now own.

The regulator has designated the AWS-4 band, also known as the 2 GHz band, to carry terrestrial mobile transmissions as well as traffic between satellites and ground-based infrastructure. In 2011, Ergen acquired the rights to the entire band from DBSD and Terrestar, a pair of satellite companies that went into bankruptcy.

MDA Space Ltd., a Canadian satellite manufacturer, said it received a termination notification from EchoStar related to a constellation contract announced Aug. 1. The company said the termination is the result of a sudden change to EchoStar’s business strategy and plan in the wake of spectrum allocation discussions with the FCC.